In Class 11 Final Term 2 Exams there will be Case studies and Passage Based Questions will be asked, So practice these types of questions. Study Rate is always there to help you. Free PDF Downloads of CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 5 Case Study and Passage-Based Questions with Answers were Prepared Based on the Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve Class 11 Chemistry Case Study Questions States of Matter: Gases and Liquids to know their preparation level.
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In CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Paper, There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.
States of Matter: Gases and Liquids Case Study Questions With Answers
Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 5 States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
Case Study/Passage-Based Questions
Case Study 1: Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction and repulsion that exist between molecules of a compound. These cause the compound to exist in a certain state of matter – solid, liquid, or gas and affect the melting and boiling points of compounds as well as the solubilities of one substance in another. Attractive intermolecular forces are also called van der Waals’ forces. These are weak forces.
Dipole-dipole forces act between the molecules possessing permanent dipole. Ends of dipoles possess ‘partial charges’. The partial charge is
(a) more than a unit electronic charge
(b) equal to unit electronic charge
(c) less than a unit electronic charge
(d) double the unit’s electronic charge
Answer: (c) less than unit electronic charge
The nature of inter-particle forces in benzene is
(a) dipole-dipole interaction
(b) dispersion force
(c) ion-dipole interaction
(d) H-bonding.
Answer: (b) dispersion force
The interaction energy between two temporary dipoles is proportional to (where r is the distance between the two particles)
(a) 1/r4 (b) 1/r2
(c) 1/r5 (d) 1/r6
Answer: (d) 1/r6
Attractive intermolecular forces known as van der Waals forces do not include which of the following types of interactions?
(a) London forces
(b) Dipole-dipole forces
(c) Ion-dipole forces
(d) Dipole-induced dipole forces
Answer: (c) Ion-dipole forces
In which of the following molecules, the van der Waals forces are likely to be the most important in determining the m.pt. and b.pt?
(a) CO (b) H2S
(c) Br2 (d) HCl
Answer: (c) Br2
Case Study/Passage-Based Questions
Case Study 2: If a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative element such as fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen, then the shared pair of electrons lies more towards the electronegative element. This leads to a polarity in the bond in such a way that a slight positive charge gets developed on H-atom, viz
Such a bond between the hydrogen atom of one molecule and the more electronegative atom of the same or another molecule is called a hydrogen bond.
Which of the following compounds can form hydrogen bond?
(a) CH4 (b) H2O
(c) NaCl (d) CHCl3
Answer: (b) H2O
The boiling point is not affected due to hydrogen bonding in
(a) water (b) ammonia
(c) methyl alcohol (d) hydrogen chloride
Answer: (d) hydrogen chloride
Unusual high b.p. of water is result of
(a) intermolecular hydrogen bonding
(b) intramolecular hydrogen bonding
(c) both intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonding
(d) high specific heat.
Answer: (a) intermolecular hydrogen bonding
Which of the following statements is not true?
(a) Intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between two different molecules of compounds.
(b) Intramolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between two different molecules of the same compound.
(c) Intramolecular hydrogen bonds are formed within the same molecule.
(d) Hydrogen bonds have a strong influence on the physical properties of a compound
Answer: (b) Intramolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between two different molecules of the same compound.
Case Study 3:Hydrogen bond is found in the molecules in which highly polar–H, O–H, or H–F bonds are present. Although hydrogen bonding is regarded as being limited to N, O, and F; species such as Cl may also participate in hydrogen bonding. EnergyOf hydrogen bond varies between 10 to 100kJ mol–1. This is quite a significant amount of energy; therefore, hydrogen bonds are a powerful force in determining the structure and properties of many compounds, for example, proteins and nucleic acids. The strength of the hydrogen bond is determined by the coulomb interaction between the lone-pair electrons of the electronegative atom of one molecule and the hydrogen atom of the other molecule. Thermal energy is the energy of a body arising from the motion of its atoms or molecules. It is directly proportional to the temperature of the substance. It is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of matter and is thus responsible for the movement of particles. This movement of particles is called thermal motion. When molecular interactions are very weak, molecules do not cling together to make liquid or solid unless thermal energy is reduced by lowering the temperature. GasesDo does not liquefy on compression only, although molecules come very close to each other intermolecular forces operate to the maximum. However, when the thermal energy of molecules is reduced by lowering the temperature; the gases can be very easily liquified. The gaseous state is the simplest state of matter. Throughout our life, we remain immersed in the ocean of air which is a mixture of gases. We spend our life in the lowermost layer of the atmosphere called the troposphere, which is held to the surface of the earth by gravitational force. The thin layer of the atmosphere is vital to our life. It shields us from harmful radiationsAnd contains substances like dioxygen,Dinitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, etc. The gaseous state is characterized by the following physical properties.
- Gases are highly compressible.
- Gases exert pressure equally in allDirections.
- Gases have much lower density than theSolids and liquids.
- The volume and the shape of gases areNot fixed. These assume volume and shape of the container.
- Gases mix evenly and completely in allProportions without any mechanical aid.
Simplicity of gases is due to the fact thatThe forces of interaction between theirMolecules are negligible. Their behaviour isGoverned by same general laws, which wereDiscovered as a result of their experimentalStudies. These laws are relationships betweenMeasurable properties of gases. Some of theseProperties like pressure, volume, temperatureAnd mass are very important becauseRelationships between these variables describeState of the gas.
On the basis of his experiments, Robert BoyleReached to the conclusion that at constantTemperature, the pressure of a fixedAmount (i.e., number of moles n) of gasVaries inversely with its volume. This isKnown as Boyle’s law. Mathematically, it canBe written asp ∝1⇒p =k11
VV
Where k1 Is the proportionality constant. TheValue of constant k1 Depends upon theAmount of the gas, temperature of the gasAnd the units in which p and V are expressed. On rearranging equation we obtainpV = k1 .It means that at constant temperature,product of pressure and volume of a fixedamount of gas is constant.If a fixed amount of gas at constanttemperature T occupying volume V1 atpressure p1 undergoes expansion, so thatvolume becomes V2 and pressure becomes p2,Then according to Boyle’s law : P1V1 = P2V2= constant ⇒ P1=V2
P2.V1.
Charles’ law, which states thatPressure remaining constant, the volume of a fixed mass of a gas is directlyProportional to its absolute temperature. The lowest hypothetical or imaginaryTemperature at which gases are supposed toOccupy zero volume is called Absolute zero. AnotherThe mathematicalRelationship between pressure andTemperature was given by Joseph Gay LussacAnd is known as Gay Lussac’s law. It statesThat at constant volume, pressure of a fixedAmount of a gas varies directly with theTemperature. Mathematically,
P ∝T⇒ P= constant = k3
What types of bonds are typically involved in hydrogen bonding?
A) N–H, O–H, and H–F
B) C–H, O–H, and F–H
C) N–O, H–F, and O–H
D) N–H, C–H, and H–F
Answer: A
Which element, besides N, O, and F, may participate in hydrogen bonding?
A) Sodium (Na)
B) Chlorine (Cl)
C) Carbon (C)
D) Sulfur (S)
Answer: B
What is the energy range of a hydrogen bond in kJ mol–1?
A) 1 to 10
B) 10 to 100
C) 100 to 1000
D) 5 to 50
Answer: B
Thermal energy is directly proportional to what property of a substance?
A) Mass
B) Volume
C) Temperature
D) Pressure
Answer: C
Which of the following is a characteristic of gases?
A) Gases have fixed volume and shape.
B) Gases are incompressible.
C) Gases exert pressure equally in all directions.
D) Gases have higher density than solids and liquids.
Answer: C
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